Zong Qinghou, Soft-Drink Magnate Who Bested Coke and Pepsi in China, Dies
曾打败可口可乐与百事可乐的中国饮料大亨宗庆后去世
magnate  [ˈmægnət] 指「大亨，巨头」(a rich and powerful person in industry or business)。the soft-drink magnate 便指「饮料大亨」。标题为节省版面，省略了冠词the。
外刊中常出现的表示「巨头」的词还有 giant, tycoon等等。
best 这里为动词，指「击败，超过」，相当于defeat sb。这里best Coke and Pepsi 便指「打败可口可乐与百事可乐」。
take on sb 指「与...较量，接受...挑战」(If you take someone on, you fight them or compete against them, especially when they are bigger or more powerful than you are.)，这个词一般指与比自己实力比较强的对手较量。

# 01
Like many from China’s first generation of private entrepreneurs, Zong grew up desperately poor. His hometown of Hangzhou later gained an image for technology, after Jack Ma based Alibaba Group Holding there, but business was more freewheeling in 1987 when Zong was selling drinks and ice cream for pennies from a three-wheeled vehicle.
与许多中国第一代民营企业家一样，宗庆后自幼家境贫寒。他的家乡杭州后来因马云在当地创办阿里巴巴而树立起科技城市的形象，但在1987年那会儿，做生意的方式还相当原始奔放，当时宗庆后曾踩着三轮车卖饮料和冰棍。

private entrepreneurs 指「民营企业家」。
sb grew up desperately poor. 便指「某人出身贫寒」。
desperately 这里是个程度副词，指「非常，极其」，相当于extremely。注意desperately 其后一般跟负面的形容词。
public image 公众形象
base 为动词，指「把总部设在…，把办公地点设在…」。
地点-based 便指「总部设在…的」，也是一个非常实用的表达。比如：a Shanghai-based company 一家总部设在上海的公司。
freewheel 由free（自由）和wheel（轮胎）构成，本来是指骑车或开车下坡时「滑行」。
freewheeling为形容词，喻指「随心所欲的，自由放纵的」(not concerned about rules or the possible results of what you do)，非常有画面感的一个词，有一种野蛮生长的感觉。
And Shen-zhen’s special economic zone did well because it operated as a freewheeling hub.
深圳经济特区发展得很好，是因为它是一个不受拘束的枢纽。
penny是「便士」的意思，指代钱。

两个不同世界的的人被迫结合，往往都会是悲剧的结尾，但幸运的是，电影中的Lizzy和Ray在朝夕相处的岁月中，逐渐靠近，爱上了彼此，过上了幸福的生活。

1
如何表达「别往心里去」？
Whatever father said to you, don't take it to heart.
无论父亲对你说了什么，不要往心里去。

take sth to heart  一个固定词组，表示「往心里去，对...耿耿于怀」， Don't take it to heart. 便表示「别忘心里去」。

2
如何表达「忙得不可开交」？
have one's hands full (with sth) 是一个习语，表示「忙得不可开交；应接不暇」( to be very busy or too busy to do sth else)。

She certainly has her hands full with five kids in the house. 家里养着四个孩子，她当然忙得团团转。
「我忙不过来了」，I have my hands full。

3
如何表达「不听使唤」？
The beet box has a mind of its own.
have a mind of one's own 表示「有主见，能自作决定」。

My computer seems to have a mind of its own! 我的电脑好像也有它自己的想法！

The bicycle seemed to have a mind of its own and I couldn’t steer it straight.
这辆自行车好像有自己的主意似的，我没法让它直行。

4
如何表达「不怕麻烦做某事」？
I don't know why he's going to the trouble.
He just wants to please you.
go to the trouble (of doing sth）是口语里的高频词，指「不怕麻烦做某事，不辞辛苦做某事，特意做某事」。

程度更深一点，我们可以说：go to all the trouble of doing sth。

英文里还有一个短语：go to any / some /great lengths (to do sth)，表示「竭尽全力做某事，不遗余力做某事」(to put a lot of effort into doing sth, especially when this seems extreme)，可替换我们熟悉的try one’s best to do sth, spare no efforts to do sth。这个词可以用在书面作文里。

Among those living in residential compounds that allow deliveries, many have had to go to extreme lengths to arrange private food purchases.
在允许送货的小区里，许多人不得不费尽心思，才能私下买到食物。

China’s fan circles, or fanquan, are highly organized groups that will go to great lengths to support their idol, from doing charity work in their name to waging digital war on social media to boost their ranking.
中国的饭圈是高度组织化的团体，他们会不遗余力地支持他们的爱豆，无论是以爱豆的名义做慈善，还是在社交媒体上为爱豆应援打榜。

1. limelight
指聚光灯照着的部分，也就是「众人关注的中心」。
return to the limelight 便指「重回观众视野，重新成为观众焦点」
spotlight
本义是「聚光灯」，也常用来喻指「媒体和公众的注意」。
in / under the spotlight
在聚光灯下，指「...是公众关注的焦点」 。
put sb / sth in the spotlight
将...置于聚光灯下，即「聚焦...，关注...」。

The show, to be hosted by leading Chinese actor Huang Xiaoming, bucks the trend of reality TV shows that put teenage girls in the spotlight.
该节目由中国著名演员黄晓明主持，与那些聚焦十几岁小女孩的真人秀节目逆势而行。

shine the spotlight on / over sth
字面意思是「将聚光灯投射到...身上」，即表示「使人们关注...」

TikTok’s popularity over the past two years has shone the spotlight on ByteDance, its Beijing-based developer.
近两年抖音大受欢迎，使得人们开始关注其母公司——北京的字节跳动

YOLO 是个缩写，完整说法是You only live once 你只活一次，这也是贾玲新电影的英文名。

02
In my view,... My view is that... 表示「依我看，在我看来」，可以与in my opinion 完美替换。
例It might be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human being.
音乐可以是诗意的，哲学的，感官的，或者是数学的，但是在我看来，无论如何，音乐一定是关乎人类灵魂的。

地道表达
For too long, the disastrous consequences of violence against women have been downplayed, ignored or denied. It is time for counter-measures that match the scale of the problem. 
⻓期以来，人们一直淡化、忽视或否认针对女性的暴力行为所造成的灾难性后果。现在是时候采取与问题规模相称的对策了。
「网络暴力」online bullying

03
It seems to me that...
eg:In conclusion, I can understand why people might want to encourage competitiveness in children, but it seems to me that a co-operative attitude is much more desirable in adult life.
总之，我可以理解人们为什么要鼓励孩子们竞争，但在我看来，合作的态度在成人生活中更为可取。

04
I would argue that ...
eg:While I accept that senior citizens can be a boon to society, I would argue that ageing populations can pose some daunting challenges.
虽然我承认老年人对社会又好处，但我认为人口老龄化也会带来一些严峻的挑战。
顺便提一嘴：boon 是「益处，福音」的意思。be a boon for / to sb 表示「对某人来说是一个福音，对某人有利」。它还有一个好兄弟bane，表示「祸根，灾星」。
两个词连起来：sth is both a boon and a bane 常用来表达「某事有利有弊，某事物既是福，又是祸」。两个词还押了头韵，读起来很有韵律感。

05
I fully support the view that ...
In conclusion, I fully support the view that people who have turned their lives  around after serving a prison sentence could help to deter teenagers from  committing crimes.
总之，我完全支持这样的观点：服刑后改变生活的人可以帮助阻止青少年犯罪。

06
I completely agree with the idea that...
Businesses have always sought to make a profit, but it is becoming increasingly common to hear people talk about the social obligations that companies have. I completely agree with the idea that businesses should do more for society than simply make money.
企业一直都在追求盈利，但越来越常听到谈论讨论企业所承担的社会义务。我完全同意企业应该为社会做更多的事情，而不仅仅是赚钱。

07
  I am sure that ...
After considering all the factors involved, I am sure that working in a large company would be a better choice for young adults than working in a small firm.
在考虑了所有相关因素之后，我相信，与在小公司工作相比，在大公司工作是更好的选择。

08
  I agree with those who believe that...
While economic progress is of course essential, I agree with those who believe that other measures of progress are just as important.
经济进步固然重要，但我同意那些认为其他衡量进步的标准同样重要的人的观点。
这句话里还有一个语言点，同学们注意一下：
as / just as +形容词 / 副词 表示「同样...」。这里just as important 便指「同样重要」。
考研英语还考过否定形式：not as +形容词 指「没有那么...」。

# 01
In the early days of a relationship, being in the throes of passion can make someone chalk their new partner’s questionable behavior up to a bad day. And all too often, what a person dismisses as minor can snowball into abusive treatment that makes them feel desperate to leave the relationship — yet trapped because they’ve invested so much.
恋爱关系的初期，大家处于爱情的阵痛中，可能就会把新欢的可疑行为归咎于那天过得不好。很多时候，看似是小问题的事情会滚雪球一样发展成家暴，令人急切地想离开这段关系，但又因为投入太多而深陷泥沼。

throes本来是「困境，痛苦」的意思，in the throes of sth是个词组，表示「正忙于…，处于…困境之中」，相当于in the middle of sth, be busy doing sth。
但与这些词不同的是，in the throes of sth后面多跟困难的事。
chalk sth up to sth 指「把某事归因于…」
dismiss...as... 指「把...斥为...，对...不屑一提」(to decide that sb / sth is not important and not worth thinking or talking about)，用于表示否定，有点像我们常说的diss 某人。
as 后面既可以跟形容词，也可以跟名词。
minor 作形容词，是「小的，不重要的，不严重的」的意思。
snowball into sth便指「滚雪球一般发展成...」。
be desperate to do sth 指「急于做某事」。

# 02
This common scenario is why researchers from the University of Western Ontario in Canada aimed to find out whether there are indicators that reliably precede and predict intimate partner violence — physical, sexual or psychological violence enacted by people toward their romantic partners, according to a study published Monday in the journal Social Psychological and Personality Science.

针对这种常见的情形，加拿大西安大略大学的研究人员旨在找出是否有可靠的信号可以预测亲密伴侣的暴力，不论是家暴、性暴力还是针对伴侣的心理暴力。这篇研究周一发表于《社会心理与人格科学》杂志。
scenario [sɪˈnɑːriəʊ] 为名词，指「设想，可能发生的情况」。the common scenario便指「常见的情形」。
最常见的搭配是：the worst-case scenario 指「可能出现的最差的情况」。
indicator [ˈɪn.dɪkeɪtər] 为indicate的名词形式，指「指示，标记，信号」，和前面的 a red flag互为同义替换。
precede [prɪˈsiːd]为动词，指「先于…」发生或存在，相当于before sth。
enact [ɪˈnækt] 作动词，指「实施...，把...付诸实践」，相当于put sth into practice。

# 03
“By the time that violence is happening, people are often invested in their relationships,” Charlot added. “Leaving can be difficult. So, my idea with this study was that if people were able to see red flags, warning signs, in advance of becoming invested, of moving in, of whatever — that might let them kind of take a minute to reevaluate the relationship, to proceed more cautiously, before that violence occurs.”
夏洛特说：“暴力发生时，人往往都已经对亲密关系大量投入，抽身离开可能很困难。因此，我对这项研究的想法是，如果人们能够在投入、同居或其他事情之前发现危险信号或预警信号，在家暴发生前，能让他们花点时间重新评估这段关系，谨慎地走下去。
proceed [prəʊ ˈsiːd]为动词，指「继续进行，继续做」。
cautiously为副词，指「谨慎地，小心地」。
reevaluate 为动词，由re+evaluate构成，指「重新考虑，再评估」

# 04
Early warning signs of domestic violence
家暴的早期预警信号

If you’re experiencing any of the following behaviors the study identified, you may be at risk for being abused later — especially if any of them are done repeatedly, or if you’re often seeing more than a few at a time, Charlot said:
如果您正在经历研究中发现的以下行为，你有可能后期会遭遇家暴。尤其是在以下行为反复出现，或多个行为同时出现时。
1. You and your partner have sex even though you’re not in the mood.
即便没有兴致，您也和伴侣发生性行为。
2. You feel like you can’t say no to your partner.
您感觉不能拒绝伴侣。
3. Your partner doesn’t admit when they’re wrong.
您的伴侣不承认自己的错误。
4. Your partner compares you to other people.
您的伴侣把你和其他人进行对比。
5. Your partner reacts negatively when you say no to something they want.
当您说了对方不想听的话，您的伴侣消极反应。
6. Your partner disregards your reasoning or logic when it doesn’t agree with theirs.
当与对方不一致时，您的伴侣对您的逻辑或推理置之不理。
7. You find it hard to focus on work because thoughts of your partner consume your mind.
伴侣占据了您的思维和大脑，以至于你无法集中在工作上。
8. Your partner creates uncomfortable situations in public.
您的伴侣在公众场合制造令人不适的情形。
9. Your partner acts arrogant or entitled.
您的伴侣行为傲慢自负或认为什么都是理所应当的。
10. Your partner tries to change you.
您的伴侣试图改变你。
11. Your partner is unsupportive of you.
伴侣不支持您。
12. Your partner criticizes you.
对方经常批评您。
13. Your partner has unrealistic expectations for your relationship.
对双方的关系有不切实际的期待。
14. Your partner avoids you.
您的伴侣回避您。
15. Your partner does something you asked them not to.
在您明确要求不做某事的情况下，对方偏偏要做。
16. Your partner threatens to leave you.
您的伴侣威胁要离开你。

in the mood (for sth) 指「有做某事的心情」
disregard 作动词，指「忽视，轻视，无视」
entitled 为形容词，指「有权做…的，为所欲为的，理所当然的」

# 05

“The warning signs you see in our lists were what were most important in each study, but that doesn’t mean that there are not other warning signs that are also important,” Charlot said.
夏洛特说：“清单中列出的预警信号是各项研究中得出的最重要的警告信号，但并不意味着就没有其他重要的预警信号了。”

Other common early red flags include a partner saying all their exes were crazy, being rude to waiters, harming animals or resisting getting to know your loved ones, Balan said. Coming from abusive households, discouraging hobbies that nurture you, being unable to soothe their own emotions or closely following what you’re doing online are other signs.
Balan说，其他常见的早期危险信号包括，伴侣说他们的前任都很疯狂、对服务员粗鲁、伤害小动物或拒绝认识你的亲人朋友。其他的危险信号包括，来自家暴的家庭、不鼓励你进行能从中获得疗愈的爱好、无法安抚自己的情绪、或密切跟踪你在网络上的一举一动。
soothe 为动词，指「抚慰，安抚」。sooth one's emotions 指「安抚某人的情绪」。

# 06
But “with all of this being said, (no victim) is to blame for their abuse,” Charlot said. “These warning signs are very much meant to inform people and give them help, but it’s not meant to allocate blame. And nobody should be responsible for their abuse, even if they notice a warning sign and don’t do something.”
夏洛特说：“话虽如此，不应该有受害者有罪论。这些预警信号很大程度上是为了提醒大家并提供帮助，而不是为了指责。家暴的受害者不应为此负责，即便受害者注意到了危险信号而没有采取行动。”
allocate [ˈæləkeɪt]  为动词，指「拨...，划分...，分配...」。allocate blame 指「划分责任」。

inundate 为动词，本来是「淹没」的意思，常用来喻指「使...应接不暇，使...不胜负荷」(to give or send sb so many things that they cannot deal with them all)。
近义词还有be overwhelmed with sth, be deluged with sth, be bombarded with sth, be swamped with sth 等等。
Social media are / is inundated with sth. 便表示「社交媒体上充斥着...」。这个句式大家直接背过。
注意social media 既可看作不可数名词，也可看作复数名词，因此后面的谓语动词用单数或复数均可。
除此之外，我们还可以说：
Social media is / are flooded with sth.
Social media is / are awash with sth.
Social media is / are rife with sth.
有个小细节大家需要注意一下，rife 为形容词，本义是指坏事「盛行，普遍」，因此be rife with sth中的sth一般是坏事。
比如：Social media is rife with misinformation. 社交媒体上充斥着假消息。

cram sb into +地点 指「把...挤进...，把...塞进...」。
比如：He crammed three people into his car. 他往他的车里硬塞进八个人。
文中crammed into public transport 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰people，我们可以将其改写为一个定语从句：
people who are crammed into public transport 指「被挤进公共交通的人」。
cram 还可表示在考试前把所有知识往脑子里塞，即「死记硬背，临时抱佛脚，填鸭式学习」，惯用搭配为cram for sth，比如：He's been cramming for his exams all week. 他整个星期都一直在拚命准备应考。
《经济学人》就曾把培训机构，称为cramming schools。

a throng of sb / throngs of sb 指「大批的，大量的」，相当于a large crowd of sb。
近义词还有 a flock of, a swarm of, a stream of 等等。
throng 也可作动词，throng+地点 表示「蜂拥，挤满，涌向」某地

tourist hotspots 指「热门旅游景点」。
给大家小节一下外刊里出现过的表示「旅游景点」的词：tourist attractions, tourist destinations, tourist/ tourism sites, tourist spots, tourist hotspots，在旅游相关话题里可进行同义替换。

The hashtag "..." was a top trending topic on the Twitter-like Weibo platform. 表示「...话题上了微博热搜」，这个句式几乎所有热搜话题都可以套用，大家直接背过。
trend 作动词，指「成为潮流，成为热门」。「上热搜」便可以说 sth is trending. 这里a top trending topic 便表示「热搜话题」。

the masses 指「民众」。

社交媒体上，满都是人群如潮水般拥堵在公共交通和热门旅游景点的照片和视频。词条“哪里都是人”在周四早晨冲上微博热搜，拥堵的程度“逐渐变得荒谬”，一个用户评论，另一位在广东省的用户建议去墓地来避开人群。
社交媒体上充斥着照片和视频，可以看到公共交通人满为患，热门旅游景点到处摩肩接踵、人头攒动。“到处都是人从众”的话题在周二早间冲上微博热搜。一位微博用户称，拥挤程度“逐渐变得荒谬”。另一位广东的用户建议，为了避免拥堵，大家去陵园旅游打卡吧。

Milestones are markers that you’re evolving—they do not create emotional fulfillment in the way we think they will. This confusion is why with the dawn of each new year, our resolutions are to change our lives rather than to change ourselves. But what if we made goals that were more about loving what we have rather than chasing what we don’t? What if we realized that it’s what we were seeking in the first place? It’s something to consider—if not even try just a little. Here are a few ideas to get you started:
你成长路上的里程碑，往往不是你想象中那样带给你情感寄托。这个误解，也就是为什么每当新年到来，我们总是下定决心要改变我们的生活而不是而不是改变自己。但是如果，我们的目标享受我们所拥有的钟爱的事物，而不是追逐我们没有的会怎么样？如果我们意识到，我们所追寻的才是最重要的？这确实需要考虑：不是所有的尝试都没用。这里有一些建议让你行动起来：
在你成长的道路上，会有很多重要的里程碑，它们标志着你的进步，但不会像你以为的那样让你产生满足感。你有没有困惑过，为什么每个新年时，我们的决心都是要改变人生，而不是改变自己？不如我们换一种思路。如果我们制定目标，要更加珍惜自己所拥有的，而不是去追逐自己没有的，那会怎样呢？你是否意识到，珍惜你所拥有的，才是你首先应该去做的，哪怕不去尝试，也值得思考？以下几个建议可以帮助你开始。
救命，翻译的什么gb

ramp 作名词，是「斜坡，坡道」的意思。这个路牌就是在提醒司机前方是坡道。

ramp 还可作动词， ramp up sth 便表示「增加，提高」，相当于increase。

比如最常见的「提高产量」，我们可以说ramp up production。

ramp up sth 在外刊里的出镜率都很高，我们来看一些例子：

《华尔街日报》一篇关于淘宝的文章有这样一句话：

Alibaba ramped up its efforts this year to offer incentives including preferential traffic and monetary subsidies to merchants who are able to offer the lowest prices.

对于能够提供最低价的商家，阿里巴巴今年加大了激励力度，包括提供流量优惠和补贴。

再比如《纽约时报》一篇关于双减的文章有这样一句话：

Officials have also tried to alleviate the anxiety created by the education system—limiting the amount of homework and banning for-profit tutoring companies that tended to ramp up competition over grades.

官员们还试图缓解教育系统造成的焦虑——减轻家庭作业负担，并禁止营利性教培机构（这些机构有加剧成绩竞争的倾向）。

小结：increase sth ≈ ramp up sth

像ramp这种由指代实物的名词引申而来的动词往往比raise / increase生动许多。

rampant疯长的，肆虐的，狂暴的，泛滥的（植物疯长，人狂暴）

The director made some bold choices with this work, too. He’s released Blossoms Shanghai in two versions: Mandarin and Shanghainese. The screenplay is an adaptation of the Chinese novelist Jin Yu-cheng’s Blossoms, which details power struggles in the booming business world amid economic reform in the country.

Wong’s affinity and fascination with old Shanghai continues in this series, though the timeline is pushed forward to 1992, unlike that of the 1960s in In The Mood of Love and Days of Being Wild.

Blossoms Shanghai tells the story of A Bao, a Shanghainese man living large in the city. This is a stark departure from Wong’s previous works, where he hones in on the experiences of Shanghainese expats living in Hong Kong.

While on screen he was making millions laugh on TV's biggest show, Matthew Perry was locked in a painful cycle of addiction, and a battle with demons that stemmed from a damaged childhood.
在荧幕前，马修·佩里能在最大型的电视节目里逗得上百万观众捧腹大笑，而自己却陷入戒断又上瘾的痛苦循环，也一直与童年创伤带来的心魔作斗争
a damaged childhood 指「破碎的童年，有创伤的童年」

In 1986, after moving to Los Angeles, Matthew Perry was convinced fame would wash all his problems away.
1986年搬到洛杉矶之后，马修·佩里坚信只要成为名人，自己所有的问题就都能烟消云散。
convince是个及物动词convince sb that…, convince sb of sth指「使…确信…，使…信服…」
wash away 本义是「冲走，冲掉」，喻指「消除」不愉快的情绪、想法、记忆等等，相当于get rid of sth。

"I yearned for it more than any other person on the face of the planet," he wrote in his candid memoir last year.       
“我比地球上任何一个人都更渴望成名”，他在去年出版的自传中坦诚地写道。
"I needed it. It was the only thing that would fix me. I was certain of it."
“我需要成名，这是唯一能治好我的事，我当时十分确信这一点。”
yearn (for sb / sth) / yearn to do sth 为动词短语，表示「渴望...，渴求...」，相当于want sth very much。
近义词还有：long for sth / long to do sth, crave sth, hunger for sth, covet sth等等。[写作推荐]
yearning 为名词，表示「渴望，向往」，相当于a strong and emotional desire。介词搭配为：a yearning for sb / sth。
more than anything 指「比任何事物都更...」。
candid [ˈkændɪd]  为形容词，指「坦诚的，率直的，直言不讳的」，相当于frank。这个词可以形容物，也可以形容人。
memoir 指「回忆录」，与memory同根。

Perry would eventually get his wish, becoming one of the six central stars of the most beloved sitcom of the past 30 years.
佩里最终实现了自己的愿望，成为了过去三十年里最受大众喜爱的情景喜剧中的六大主演之一。
Stardom as the sharp-witted Chandler Bing on Friends also brought fortune — in the form of $1.1m an episode — and a string of glamorous girlfriends.
在《老友记》中出演风趣幽默的钱德勒·宾一角还给他带来了好运——包括110万美元一集的片酬，和光彩夺目的女友们。
get one’s wish 指「实现某人的愿望」。
beloved 为形容词，指「深受喜爱的」。既可以形容物，也可以形容人。
sitcom 指situation comedy，指「情景喜剧」。
string [strɪŋ] 作动词，本义是「细绳，线」，a string of sth引申为「一连串，一系列...」
stardom 指「明星」这一地位或者说身份。
shoot to / rise to stardom 便表示「走红」。
sharp-witted 形容思维或反应「敏捷的，机智的」

Yet behind the scenes, Perry's struggles to keep his personal life and health on the rails only seemed to grow.
但在荧屏背后，佩里一直在艰难地让自己的私人生活与身体健康保持正轨，但这变得越来越难。

In his autobiography, Perry traced his insecurities — as well as his comic talents — back to a childhood that was split between his divorced parents, but in which he felt a sense of abandonment from both.
在自传中，他将自己的不安全感以及喜剧天赋追溯到童年。父母离异后，他的童年被撕碎，一分为二，然而他感觉父母双方都抛弃了他。
autobiography 指「自传」。
split 作动词，指「撕裂」。注意其动词变形为split-split-split。be split 便指「被撕裂」。
split 也可作不及物动词，A and B split (up) 便指「A和B分手，A和B离婚」。

His mother was a Canadian beauty queen-turned-journalist who served as press secretary to Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau. His father was a US actor who starred in adverts for Old Spice aftershave.
佩里的母亲曾是选美冠军，后来成为了加拿大前总理皮埃尔·特鲁多的新闻秘书。父亲则是一名美国演员，曾出演Old Spice须后水广告。

Pierre Trudeau 是加拿大的前总理，是加拿大现任总理Justin Trudeau的父亲。正因为Matthew的母亲做过Pierre的新闻秘书，因此Matthew还认识Justin Trudeau。
在Jimmy Show里，Matthew还说自己揍过后来成为了总理的Justin。
2017年的愚人节，Justin还发推说要重新比试一番。
而Matthew 回复说：算了算了，现在您有一支军队了。

serve as sth指「担任…」。
adverts 和 advertisements一样，指「广告」。
aftershave 刮胡子之后用的「润肤液，须后水」。
star 此处为动词，sth stars sb 指「...由...担任主演」
sb stars in sth 则表示「某人在...担任主演」。
cast 同样可以表示选角。我们常说某部电影「卡司强大」，这里的卡司就是cast 的音译，指一部电影的全体演员。
cast 作动词时，便表示「选角」，相当于choose the actors。

Most of Perry's upbringing was in Ottawa, Canada, but he said he was a "latchkey kid" because his mother's job "just meant I spent a great deal of time alone".
佩里从小在加拿大渥太华长大，但他称自己小时候是“钥匙儿童”，因为母亲的工作性质决定了“自己大多数时间都是一个人”。
"Accordingly I learned to be funny — pratfalls, quick one liners, you know the drill — because I had to be," he said.
“因此我变成了一个幽默的人，总是搞怪，说俏皮话，你们知道我这些套路的。我不得不这样。”
upbringing 为不可数名词，指「培育，教养」，来自于动词短语bring sb up。
Most of sb's upbringing was in ... 某人从小在...长大。
latchkey 是「钥匙」的意思，latchkey kid 挂钥匙的儿童，指父母都在上班、放学回家后不得不自行开门，然后独自待在家的孩子。
pratfall [ˈprætfɔːl] prat本来是「傻瓜」的意思，pratfall像傻瓜一样摔了个跤，表示「出丑，洋相」
one liner 指「俏皮话，风趣的话」(a short joke or funny remark)。
drill [drɪl]  作名词，指「惯常的步骤，常规，程序」
You know the drill 和I know the drill

1️⃣ buzz [bʌz] 作名词，本来指蜜蜂「嗡嗡声」，现在常用来喻指网络上的「热议」。buzzword 指「流行语，网络热词」。近几年流行的躺平、内卷、凡尔赛文学等都属于buzzword。
2️⃣ spark [spɑːrk] 作名词，是「火花」的意思，作动词，喻指「激起，引发，触发」近义词还有prompt, trigger, provoke等等。spark (a) debate 便指「引发争议」。
3️⃣ college grads 是college graduates的简写，指「大学毕业生」。而new graduates 新毕业生，也就是我们常说「应届毕业生」，简称NG。

Chinese netizens are passionately discussing the ‘Kong Yiji mindset,’ a term inspired by an influential figure in modern Chinese literature and used to refer to college graduates who consider themselves above manual labor.
中国网民正就“孔乙己心态”展开热烈讨论，该词源于中国现代文学中的经典人物形象，如今被大学毕业生用来自嘲弯不下腰从事体力劳动。
1️⃣ term 这里为名词，指「词汇，术语」。「内卷」、「躺平」这样的词，都叫作term。
2️⃣ mindset 为可数名词，指「思维方式，观念模式」(a person's way of thinking and their opinions)。
3️⃣ figure 为可数名词，这里是「人物」的意思。比如：public figures 公众人物。
文中an influential figure in modern Chinese literature 即「当代中国文学史上有影响力的人物」。
4️⃣ refer to sb / sth 指「提到，谈及」(to mention or speak about sb / sth)，常译为「指...」。
5️⃣ manual 为形容词，表示「体力的」。manual labour / work 指「体力劳动」。反义词为mental labour / work 指「脑力劳动」。

In Lu Xun’s story, Kong Yiji is a self-important scholar who gets his legs broken after stealing books. Both ridiculous and tragic, Kong has a futile fixation on the past.
在鲁迅的小说中，孔乙己是个自视甚高的书生，去偷书还被打断了腿。他既可笑又可悲，无济于事地执着于过去。
1️⃣ self-important 为形容词，字面义为「自以为重要的」，形容「妄自尊大的，自负的，高傲的」(behaving in a way that shows you think you are more important than other people)，是个贬义词。
比如：He was self-important, vain and ignorant. 他傲慢自负，虚荣无知。
3️⃣ ridiculous [rɪˈdɪkjʊləs]  为形容词，表示「愚蠢的，荒唐的，可笑的」(very silly or unreasonable)。
3️⃣ tragic 为形容词，来自名词tragedy（悲剧），表示「悲剧的，悲惨的，不幸的」
4️⃣ futile [ˈfjuːtaɪl] 为形容词，表示「无用的，徒劳的」(actions that are futile are useless because they have no chance of being successful)，相当于pointless, useless。
比如：My efforts to go back to sleep proved futile.我努力想再次入睡，但怎么也睡不着。
5️⃣ fixation [fɪkˈseɪʃən] 为可数名词，指「痴迷，依恋，执念」(a very strong interest in sb/sth, that is not normal or natural)，相当于obsession。
have a fixation on / with sb / sth 表示「对…有执念」。文中have a fixation on the past 便指「对过去有执念」。
be fixated on sb / sth 为形容词短语，指「对...异常依恋，对...过分沉溺」(always thinking and talking about sb / sth in a way that is not normal)。
Why does everyone keep fixating on that ?

Set a few years after the fall of the Qing Dynasty, the story starts with him being ridiculed by the working-class customers in the tavern he frequents for continuing to wear his long scholar’s gown, even though he never passed the imperial exam that could have landed him a decent job back in the feudal days.
小说的背景是清朝覆灭的几年后，一开场，孔乙己就在常光顾的酒馆里，因一直穿着长衫受到做工短衣帮的嘲笑奚落。即使他一直没能考上秀才，没能在封建时代谋得一份体面的工作，他那件长衫也一直没有脱下。
1️⃣ be set ... 指「以...为背景」，常用于引出电影、故事的背景。
这里Set a few years after the fall of the Qing Dynasty是过去分词短语作句子的伴随状语，指「背景是清朝灭亡的几年后」，其逻辑主语与句子主保持一致，为the story，如果我们把这部分单独写成一个句子，那就是：
The story // is set // a few years after the fall of the Qing Dynasty.
2️⃣ ridicule [ˈrɪd.ə.kjuːl] 作动词，表示「嘲笑，奚落，戏弄」
ridicule 也可作不可数名词，指「嘲笑，奚落，讥笑」
3️⃣ tavern [ˈtævən] 为可数名词，指「酒馆，酒吧」
4️⃣ frequent 作动词，指「常去，常到」
比如：I hear he frequents Haidilao in that street. 我听说他经常去吃那条街上的海底捞。[熟词僻义]
5️⃣ gown 这里便指「长衫」。新娘的礼服，毕业典礼上穿的学士服，都可以叫作gown。
6️⃣ the imperial exam 这里指「科举考试」。imperial 为形容词，指「帝国的，皇帝的」。
7️⃣ land sth 表示「得到…」land a job 获奖：land a prize。
land sb sth 表示「给某人弄到…」。
9️⃣ feudal [ˈfjuːdl] 为形容词，指「封建制度的」(relating to feudalism)。

As The Paper, a Chinese media company based in Shanghai, writes, “[Kong Yiji] would rather steal than do what he considers a menial job just to make money… [This is relatable] in the eyes of some, [who think] their academic qualifications didn’t lead to the job they wanted or deserved.”
总部位于上海的中国媒体公司澎湃新闻就此评论道，“（孔乙己）宁愿偷东西也不愿为了赚钱去做他眼中的低贱工作……在一些人眼中（这是能理解的），他们的学历并没有让他们获得想要或应得的工作”。
1️⃣ menial [ˈmiːniəl] 作形容词，指「枯燥的，无需技术的，不重要的」(menial work is boring, needs no skill, and is not important)。menial jobs 便指「琐碎的工作」。

2️⃣ relate 为动词，表示「认同，能够理解，有共鸣」
在外国论坛Reddit上看到这个词，当楼主讲述完自己的经历，很多网友都会跟帖说：I can relate. 我能理解。
relatable 为其形容词形式，表示「能引发共鸣的」。
除了relate to sb / sth ，我们还可以说：sympathize with, feel sympathy with, feel for, identify with。
shed / cast / throw light on sth 字面义是「把光照在…上」，喻指「让人们了解…，使…更容易理解」
我们在《狂飙》为什么爆火？| 外媒说里讲过这个词：
(A) Chinese TV Drama Sheds Light on Anti-Corruption 一部中国电视剧揭示反腐斗争
plight 为单数名词，指「困境」(a difficult and sad situation)，比如：
经济困境：the economic plight
财政困境：the financial plight。
3️⃣ in the eyes of sb 指「在某人眼里，在某人看来」。
4️⃣ academic qualifications 表示「学历」。

The related term, ‘Kong Yiji mindset,’ refers to those who see Kong in themselves as they face the pressures of a job market that can’t keep up with the record-breaking number of college graduates.
这一热词“孔乙己心态”反映了当代大学毕业生与孔乙己的共鸣。当前，求职者数量创历史新高，但就业市场却未能做出调整，毕业生备受就业压力，在自己身上看到了孔乙己的影子。

Last year, less than half of college students set to graduate in 2022 had received job offers by mid-April; meanwhile, the unemployment rate for all youths aged 16-24 last summer was a staggering 19.9%.
去年，在4月中旬前找到工作的2022届毕业生不到半数，而就在去年夏天，16-24岁青年群体的失业率达到惊人的19.9%。
1️⃣ be set to do sth 表示「很可能会...，准备好...」(likely to do sth; ready for sth or to do sth)。
文中set to graduate 是一个形容词短语作后置定语修饰college students，我们可以将其改写成一个定语从句：
college students set to graduate in 2022
= college student who were set to graduate in 2022
指「预计2022年毕业的大学生」。
4️⃣ staggering [ˈstæɡərɪŋ] 为形容词，指「惊人的，令人震惊的」(very shocking and surprising)。
staggering 还常用于形容数字，a staggering + 数字表示「高达...」，说明数字高的惊人。
a+adj.+数字是英文里非常高频的表达，adj.用来形容数字的高低，用起来简洁又利落， 用在作文里很加分。
常⻅的有：a staggering +数字，a whopping +数字形容数字之大。
a mere +数字 形容数字之小

全国各地，年轻女孩正在剃头，不化妆，穿着宽松，来拒绝服美役，这一针对女性外表的严格文化规范。

forgo / forego 为动词，指「放弃，摈弃」
make-up 为不可数名词，指「化妆品」，也可以写作makeup。wear makeup 便指「化妆」。
loose-fitting 形容衣服「宽松的」。loose-fitting clothing便指「宽松的衣服」。我们也可以说baggy clothing。
反义词为tight clothing。英文里还有一个很形象的表达：
body-hugging dresses 抱住身体的裙子，也就是「紧身裙」
dictator 是「独裁者」的意思，大家都很熟悉了。
dictate [dɪkˈteɪt] 作动词，指不由分说地、强硬地「决定，支配」的意思，是个带有贬义的表达。
norms 为复数名词，指「规范，准则」相当于standards。

The burgeoning movement is unfolding on local social-media platforms such as Xiaohongshu and Weibo, where young feminists share before and after photos of themselves—swapping their long hair, contact lenses and make-up for buzzcuts, glasses and nude faces—using the hashtag #BeautyDuty.

这场运动正在小红书、微博等国内社交媒体平台上兴起，年轻的女权主义者在平台上使用“#美役”主题标签，分享自己的前后对比照——从留长发、戴隐形、会化妆变为剃平头、带框架、纯素颜。

burgeon [ˈbɜː.dʒən] 为动词，指「迅速发展」，相当于grow quickly, develop quickly。burgeon 也可指数量上的「激增」。
unfold fold 是「折叠」的意思，unfold 便指「展开，呈现，展示」。
swap A for B ；swap指「交换」的意思，swap A for B 即「用A交换来B」。
contact lenses 指「隐形眼镜」
buzzcut 指「寸头」
nude faces 指「素颜」。nude本来是「裸体」的意思，也可以指「没有化妆的」。
hashtag n.电话（或键盘上的）#键，井号；（社交媒体）主题标签

Louise Edwards, professor of Chinese history at the University of NSW, says that while beauty standards in China carry echoes of those in the West, gendered expectations are more ingrained.

新南威尔士大学中国历史教授路易丝·爱德华兹表示，虽然中国的审美标准同西方类似，但性别期待更根深蒂固。

echo 作名词，本来是「回声」的意思，喻指「相似之处，再现」
carry echos of sth 便指「与...相似」。
echo 还可指态度、观点的「附和，重复，共鸣」
echo 作动词，指「发出回声」，引申为「附和，呼应」别人的观点
ingrained 为形容词，指「根深蒂固的，难以改变的」
实用句型：
The belief that ... is deeply ingrained in our society.
XX观念在我们社会中根深蒂固。The belief that a degree is an entry ticket to a decent job is deeply ingrained in our society. [写作推荐]

Failing to adhere to beauty standards can hinder a woman’s career progression in a setting where it’s common for job advertisements to request photos.

中国的招聘信息通常会要求求职者附上照片，在这种情况下，不符合审美标准可能会阻碍女性的职业发展。

adhere to sth指「遵守，遵循」(to continue to behave according to a particular rule, agreement, or belief)。
比如：adhere to the rules 遵守规则 adhere to a principle 坚持原则 adhere to a promise 信守诺言。
名词形式为adherence，短语adherence to sth指「对...的坚持，对...的遵守，对...遵循」。
conform to sth 也表示「顺从，服从，遵从」规则、法律等。
hinder [ˈhɪndər]  为动词，指「阻碍，妨碍」。近义词还有hamper。
作文里常写的「阻碍经济发展」：hinder / hamper economic growth。 [写作推荐]
progression [prəˈgreʃən] 为名词，指「变化，发展」。hinder one's career progression 便指「阻碍...的职业发展」。
setting 为可数名词，指「背景，环境」。

By rejecting beauty duty, women are pushing back against the amount of time they’re expected to devote to their appearance just to participate in society.

通过拒绝“服美役”，女性正在抵制社会对她们的外表期望，减少为参与社会活动而花在外表上的时间。

这句话的主干为：
Women // are pushing back against // the amount of time.女性正在抵制时间。
pushback 为名词，指「反对，抵制」push back against sth 是一个动词短语，指「抵制，反对，驳斥」，相当于oppose sth, resist sth。
devote 本来是「奉献」的意思，devote sth to sth表示「把...奉献给...，把...投入于...，把...用于」，一般指把时间、精力用于某事。

“Women are seen as having to carry the burden of decorating people’s lives, offices and homes and there’s a lot of labour that goes into that,” says Edwards.

爱德华兹表示，“女性被认为必须要能‘装点’生活、办公室以及家庭，而这需要投入大量努力。”

labour 指「劳动」。
labour  还可作动词，labour to do sth 指「努力做某事」
go into sth 指「用在，用于」

① ”In an increasingly globalised world, Chinese women are swayed by international feminist movements and crusades in countries such as Japan and Korea. ②Also, many young women were born under China’s one-child policy. ③ “Many singleton daughters have really supportive parents. They tell them, ‘Girls are equal, girls are good.’ They want them to succeed.”

在日益全球化的世界中，中国女性受到国际女权运动以及日本、韩国等国女权运动的影响。此外，许多年轻女性是在中国的独生子女政策下出生的。"许多独生女的父母都非常支持她们。他们告诉她们，'女孩是平等的，女孩是优秀的'。他们希望她们成功"。

sway 作动词，本义指「摇摆，摆动」
sway sb 引申为「影响...，改变...的看法」的意思，相当于influence sb
crusade [kruːˈseɪd] 本来是指「十字军东征」，后来泛指长期的坚定不移的「斗争，运动」，相当于campaign。
singleton [ˈsɪŋ.gl tən]  既可以指「单身人士」，也可以指「独生子女」。

Zhu Ling was a chemistry student at Beijing's Tsinghua University when she was poisoned with the highly toxic chemical thallium.

It left her paralysed, almost blind and with brain damage, and she required 24-hour care from her parents.

No-one has been charged in the case. Her classmate and roommate, Sun Wei, was investigated but not charged.

Ms Sun was investigated by police in 1997 but was cleared as a suspect due to a lack of evidence.

She has repeatedly taken to social media to declare her innocence, and also changed her name.

In late 1994, Zhu Ling began experiencing stomach pains and hair loss and she fell into a coma months later.

Doctors later diagnosed her with thallium poisoning, a soft metal which dissolves in water and is odourless and tasteless.

Reports have claimed Ms Sun had access to the thallium compound but she has said she was not the only student with access to the toxic substance.

Zhu Ling's family and supporters have suggested a possible motive was that Ms Sun was envious of her beauty and her musical and academic achievements.

Ms Sun has denied personal animosity between herself and Ms Zhu.

A 2013 petition demanded the US investigate Ms Sun and have her deported from the United States, where she was living.

The petition described Ms Sun's family as having powerful political connections, and it was alleged she "had the motive, and access to the deadly chemical".

The White House responded to the petition and said it declined to comment on the request, but said Zhu Ling's poisoning "was a tragedy".

It read: "No young person deserves to suffer as she has, and we can understand the heartbreak of those close to her."

Rather than trade down for lower-wage jobs, many young people are opting to wait for more opportunities, even though such opportunities might not be available.

“China’s high youth unemployment rate is not transitory but structural,” said David Wang, chief China economist at Credit Suisse. “There is a mismatch in the skills the youth are trained to provide and the skills that existing jobs require.”

Chinese officials are trying several tactics to address the problem, including mandating that state-owned companies hire more graduates, while also prodding more young people to take up blue-collar work or move to the countryside.

Many young people, however, are uninterested in blue-collar jobs. And opportunities at state-owned enterprises remain in short supply, despite the government’s prodding.

Sun Yuexing, who is about to graduate from Beijing Foreign Studies University in less than two months, spent hours handing out résumés at a recent job fair in Beijing. She said she had lowered her salary expectations, but landed no offer yet.

“It’s sad to realize that I will be unemployed upon graduation,” said the 24-year old English major. “The competition is so fierce.”

二：
economists say 是一个主谓结构，在句中做插入语，指「经济学家说」。像这样的插入语一般放在句子的主语和谓语之间
句中 many of whom have loftier expectations than previous generations 是一个数量词+介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，修饰先行词educated young people
high-wage, high-skill jobs；当数字和名词用连字符连起来，合成一个形容词时，该名词要用单数。例如：the three-child policy； a 5-year-old girl ； a two-week trip wished-for, desired, coveted
seek after sth 指「追求，谋求」；be sought after by sb
sought-after adj.「广受欢迎的，吃香的」=wished-for, desired, coveted
expand 既可作及物动词，用作expand sth，也可作不及物动词，用作sth expands
lofty [ˈlɒfti]  本来是指 「巍峨的，高耸的」，形容高山、建筑，相当于 high，也可指抽象意义上的「高，崇高的」。文中loftier expectation 便表示「更高的期望」；set a lofty goal 设定宏伟的目标 lofty ambition 崇高的抱负
trade down trade作动词时是「交易」的意思，trade down，向下交易，本义是「降低消费，以优换次」，这里指向下找工作。
opt to do sth / opt for sth 指「选择做某事」

have no choice to do sth=have no option to do sth，表示「不得不做某事」
sth is not an option，表示「某事不是一种选择，绝不会考虑做某事」

the skills [the youth are trained to provide] 中，括号里是一个省略关系代词的定语从句，当关系代词which / that / whom在定语从句里作宾语的时候可以省略，上面这句话里关系代词that / which指代的the skills便是作定语从句里provide宾语。
transitory  [ˈtrænzɪtri] 为形容词，指「短暂的，一时的」(lasting for only a short time)，与transition（过渡）同根
structural [ˈstrʌktʃərəl] 是structure的形容词形式，指「结构性的」。
mismatch 指「错配，不匹配」。a mismatch between / in A and B 指「教育体系与雇主需求之间的错配」。
这里A = the skills the youth are trained to provide 年轻人学到的技能
B = the skills that existing jobs require 现有岗位要求的技能

tactic ['tæktɪk] 为可数名词，指「策略，手段，招数」
address 此处作动词，表示「处理，对付」；address sth, address oneself to sth。这里address the problem 便指「解决问题」。
The government is trying several tactics to do sth, including A, B and C.
mandate  [ˈmændeɪt]  为动词，指「命令，指示]
mandatory [ˈmandətəri] 为形容词，指「强制的，法定的，义务的」(required by law)，近义词为compulsory
prod 本义是指「戳」这个动作，引申为「督促，催促，鼓动」的意思。常见搭配为prod sb into doing sth, prod sb to do sth。
take up sth 拿起来，指「开始从事」新工作、「开始担当」新的责任

be in short supply 指「短缺」。be in desperately short supply强调「某事物极度短缺」

fair 这里为可数名词，指「集市」。这里 a job fair 便指「招聘会」
land 作动词，落地，指「拿到，谋得」，后面跟难得的工作、合约等等。
比如：land a job 找到工作 land an offer 拿到offer，更强调结果。
而find jobs, seeks job, hunt for jobs 指「找工作」，强调过程。
upon / on 这里的用法大家重点掌握，on sth / doing sth 这里指「一...就...，当...时候」。I will be unemployed upon graduation 便指「我一毕业就会失业」
fierce adj.「猛烈的，激烈的」= cut-throat

越来越多的受过教育的年轻人：expanding base of educated young people
有更高的预期：have loftier expectations
投简历：hand out résumés
降低薪资预期：lower sb's salary expectations

第二节：单词与短语
uptick cn.小幅增加，小幅上升； =a small increase； downtick小幅下降
contradictory adj.=conflicting
force sth on / upon sb 表示「把…强加于某人，迫使某人接受…」
despite prep.「让步」「即使，尽管」;despite sth.;despite doing sth.;despite the fact that
excel vt.「擅长」;excel at / in sth
hyper- 「过度的」;hyper-competitive 「竞争极其激烈的」
face discrimination in the office 指「面临职场歧视」
presumably adv.据推测，大概，可能
presumption n.「假定，推测，设想」
be burdened with sth 指「承受...负担，受...困扰」
the bulk of sth 指「...的主要部分，大半」;=the lion's share of sth
rear v.抚育，培养」;n.「后部，后面」反：front
single-wage 指「一份收入」。single-wage households 指「单职工家庭」。而夫妻两个人都上班的家庭，叫做「双职工家庭」，叫作：
two-earner / double income / dual income families / households
bacon n.「培根，咸猪肉」;bring home the bacon 「挣钱养家」=be the breadwinner，put food on the table，keep the roof over sb’s head
It does not help that... 是英文里的一个固定句式，表示「...非但帮不上忙，还雪上 加霜」，用来对前一句提到的情况进行递进，相当于 What makes matters worse is that...。
be subject to sth  「有，遭受，承受」
sexist adj.「性别歧视的」
misogyny不可数名词，指「厌女，厌女症」
indulge [ɪnˈdʌldʒ] ;indulge sth 指「纵容某事」，indulge sb 指「纵容某人，娇惯某人」; indulge in sth / indulge oneself (with sth) 指「沉迷于...，沉溺于...」
abhorrent [əbˈhɒrənt] 为形容词，指「可恨的，令人憎恶的」
;sth is abhorrent to sb，表示「某人憎恨某物」
abhor v.「憎恶，憎恨，厌恶」=hate
practice 作名词，表示「惯常做法」;abhorrent practices 便指「令人作呕的行为」
spycam 为名词，由于spy和cam（照相机）构成，表示「隐蔽的微型摄像机」，也就是我们常说的「偷拍摄像机」
prominence 为不可数名词，指「重要，杰出，著名」「兴盛」
prominent [ˈprɒmɪnənt] 为形容词，指「重要的，著名的，杰出的」，相当于important, well-known
kick off 「开球」讨论、活动等「开始」
fix [fɪks] 作动词，表示「解决」问题
precarious [prɪ'keəriəs] 本义为「摇晃的，不稳的」，还可喻指「不稳定的，危险的」与stable相对;be in precarious work 便指「从事不稳定的工作」
proportion 为名词，指「比例」。disproportionate 为形容词，指「不成比例的」，disproportionately 为副词形式，指「不成比例地，不均衡地」。
pandemic adj.(疾病)流行全国[全世界]的；〔医〕大流行的；全国流行的；普遍的；n.大流行病；(流行全国[全世界]的)传染病；瘟疫

第三节：翻译
胖：这种事依然在小幅度发生的原因不明。其中一个原因可能是强加在女性身上的逐渐增长的矛盾的期待。即使她们擅长应对南韩高度竞争的教育体系，她们也面对着职场歧视和工作之外还应当养孩子的论调。在家她们肩负着大量家务劳动和养孩子的重任。当单收入家庭越来越少，她们又得背负养家糊口的工作。更雪上加霜的是，她们还要忍受性别审美歧视，厌女症，性虐待，以及纵然这样令人憎恶的行为存在的文化，例如针孔偷拍摄像头。南韩著名的MeToo运动，唤醒了愈多人关于这些问题的意识，但是并没有解决它们。年轻的女性依然总是从事着不稳定的工作，意味着她们在疫情来临时将承受不平衡的遭遇。

对照：韩国女性自杀率小幅攀升的确切原因并不清楚。一大可能原因是，韩国社会强加给女性的“期待”越发矛盾化。这些在竞争极为激烈的教育体系中脱颖而出的女性，却经历着职场歧视，“女性就应该抚养孩子而非工作”的论调依然存在。在家，她们得承担大量家务劳动，同样也是养育下一代的绝对主力。然而，如今单收入家庭越来越少，人们也愈发希望女性能为家庭带回“面包”。更糟糕的是，当前韩国女性面临着带有性别歧视色彩的容貌标准、厌女症和性虐可能，纵容恶劣行径（如偷拍视角的毛片）俨然已形成“文化”。就在自杀率小幅增长之前，韩国的#MeToo运动开始兴起，尽管意义重大，但这项运动只能帮民众认识到问题所在，却不能解决问题。在韩国，年轻女性大多工作不稳定，这也就意味着在疫情期间她们承受了更大压力和痛苦。