谁是历史上最恶名昭彰的天才疯子？

Who is the most notorious mad genius of all time?

答主：Alex Mann, M.A in History & Latin (language), Ohio University (Graduated 2016)

How about instead of notorious we focus on an evil genius that should be more notorious? Nazi scientists always get all the focus but what if I told you Japan had their own version of an evil scientist and he was an absolute monster.
比起臭名昭著，我们不如来看一个邪恶得比臭名昭著更臭名昭著的天才如何？纳粹科学家总是得到所有的关注，但如果我告诉你日本也有他们自己版本的邪恶科学家，而且他无疑是一个怪兽会怎么样？

Meet Shirō Ishii - a serious piece of sh%t
认识一下石井四郎——一大坨屎。

This guy was a Doctor and microbiologist- and a rather smart one at that. He was regarded as a brilliant person for nearly his entire life. He was well educated and joined the army as a doctor. While there he caught the eyes of his superiors and was sent for further education at Kyoto Imperial University.
这家伙是一名医生和微生物学家——在某种程度上还是个聪明的微生物学家。他几乎整个人生都被视为一个杰出的人物。他受过很好的教育，然后作为医生参军。在那里他得到了上级的关注，然后被送往京都帝国大学深造。

During WW2 he was placed in charge of Unit 731 and this is what he was known for.
在二战中，他被派去主管731部队，而这就是他为人所知的原因。

What was unit 731? Well, they were a scientific unit that conducted experiments and thought up new ways to win the war. Some examples of things they did include
731部队是什么？好吧，它是一个科研单位，负责进行实验并想出赢得战争胜利的新方法。举个例子，他们所作的一些事情包括：

·Imprisoning women, raping them until they got pregnant, and then running horrid painful experiments on them just so they could see how certain poisons affected pregnant women.
·囚禁妇女，强奸她们直到怀孕，然后在她们身上做令人极为痛苦的实验，只为了观察特定毒药对孕妇的影响。

·They would infect people with syphilis and then cut them open (while alive and awake) so they could see what their bodies did as the infection progressed. Women, men, and even children were forcibly infected. This is called vivisection- its the practice of cutting someone open while alive to see what their body is doing and its typically done when experimenting on animals. In unit 731 they did it to people without anesthesia- always resulting in a slow agonizing death for the person.
·他们会用梅毒感染人类，然后把他们切开（在活着且清醒时），以便观察在感染进行时身体会发生什么。女人、男人甚至小孩都被强制感染。这种做法被称为活体解剖——是一种切开活物去观察身体行为的实践，通常只在动物实验中进行。而在731部队中，他们不进行麻醉解剖活人——这导致人们总是在极度痛苦中缓慢死去。

·Injected people with animal blood to see what happens (bad way to die)
·用动物血感染人类，观察会发生什么（糟糕的死法）

·Placed people in centrifuges and spun it until they died
·把人放进离心机里，然而高速旋转直到死亡

·Deprived prisoners of food and water to see how long it was until they died
·剥夺被关押者的食物和水，看看多少天之后会死

·Placed people in low-pressure chambers until their eyes popped out
·把人放进低压室内，直到他们的眼睛夺眶而出

·Burned people alive to see how long they would live
·把活人点燃，看他们能活多久

·Injected people with saltwater to see what would happen
·给人注射盐水，观察会发生什么

·Poisoned people to see the effects
·给人服毒，观察效果

·gave people radiation poisoning to see the effects
·对人施加辐射污染，观察效果

·Leave 3-day old babies in the cold just to see how long it took them to freeze to death
·把3天大的婴儿放在寒冷中，只为了观察多久能把他们冻死

·Tested flamethrowers on live people
·在活人身上测试火焰喷射器

Tested grenades on live people
·在活人身上测试手榴弹

·Removed organs for fun. For instance, they would remove someone's stomach and attach their esophagus to their intestines directly.
·移除器官取乐。譬如他们会移除某人的胃，然后把食道直接连在肠道上。

·Tested hundreds of diseases and biological weapons on people
·在人体上测试了数以百计的疾病和生物武器

In all, around 10,000 prisoners were killed by Unit 731 and as many as 20,000 were tested on. The biological weapons produced by this unit were used to kill as many as 500,000 civilians
总计有大约10000名被囚者被731部队杀害，多达20000人被进行实验。这支部队制造的生物武器被用来杀死了高达500000平民。

On a side note not even the Nazis used chemical weapons in WW2 (they only did in concentration camps). The ONLY nation to employ chemical weapons against civilian and military targets in WW2 was Japan.
顺带一提，即使是纳粹也没有在二战中使用化学武器（他们仅仅在集中营里使用）。在二战中仅有日本一个国家将化学武器应用于平民和军事目标上。

You may wonder what happened to Shirō. I mean we caught him and put him on trial for war crimes right?
你可能会好奇在四郎后来怎么样了？我的意思是，我们抓住了他，然后把他送上了战犯的审判台，对吗？

Nope
并不

He was given full immunity in exchange for full disclosure of his tests. American microbiologists stated that Shirō’s findings were extremely valuable and impossible to replicate unless the experiments were done again.
他被给予了完全的豁免，用来交换完全披露他的研究。美国的微生物学家表示，四郎的发现非常地有价值，并且难以复制，除非能够重现当时的环境。

Shirō lived out the remainder of his life a free man and died in 1959.
四郎作为一个自由的人度过了他的余生，后来在1959年去世。

单词表

notorious adj. 臭名昭著的
what if 假如……会怎么样
microbiologist n. 微生物学家
rather adj. 在某种程度上
brilliant adj. 杰出的
superior n. 上司
conduct v. 进行
experiment n. 实验
think up v. 想出（主意或计划）
pregnant adj. 怀孕的
horrid adj. 非常令人讨厌的
affect v. 影响
syphilis n. 梅毒
forcibly adj. 用强力，用武力
vivisection n. 活体解剖
typically adv. 通常，典型地
practice n. 实践
anesthesia n. 麻醉
agonize v. 感到极度痛苦
inject vt. 注射
bad way to 糟糕的方式
centrifuge n. 离心机
spin v. 高速旋转
deprive v. 剥夺
chamber n.（作特定用途的）房间、
pop v. 砰地爆开，砰地脱落
radiation n. 辐射
poison v. 污染（环境）
organ n. 器官
esophagus n. 食道
intestine n. 肠道
on a side note 顺带一提
employ v. 应用
trial n. 审判
nope adv. 不，没有
immunity n. 免疫，豁免
disclosure n. 透露
state v. 陈述，说明
replicate v. 复制
remainder n. 剩余部分

译自：https://qr.ae/prEWK0

时间：2021年7月17日