How did Marxism-Leninism shape the USSR?
答主：Dima Vorobiev, Former Soviet propaganda executive
The USSR put into practice the ten-point to-do list from the Communist Manifesto (see below). True to the idea of Karl Marx, the Soviet Communists led by Lenin and Trotsky:
苏联把共产党宣言中提到的十点待办事项列表（见后文）付诸实践。忠实于卡尔·马克思的思想，列宁和托洛茨基领导的苏维埃共产主义者们：
·organized themselves into a vanguard party that took the state power
·把他们自己组织成了一个先锋队政党，然后夺取了国家权力
·installed the dictatorship of the proletariat and poor peasants
·建立了无产阶级的贫农的专政
·abolished the private ownership on the means of production
·废除了生产资料的私有制
It resulted in collectivization of agriculture, crash industrialization, universal education and health care, and the creation of a world-class military-industrial complex.
·它的结果是农业集体化、快速工业化、普及的教育和健康保障，以及建立了世界级的军工复合体。
As a fully implemented Statist Socialism, the Marxism-Leninism took the form of Stalinism. Stalinism inspired Communists in China, North Korea and several other countries, where it was successfully replicated. Despite deep inbuilt economic inefficiencies, even after the bankruptcy of the Soviet state and abolition of the Communist project in China, Vietnam and Europe, Communism still is holding ground in Cuba and North Korea.
作为贯彻彻底的社会主义计划经济，马克思列宁主义表现为斯大林主义的形式。斯大林主义鼓舞了中国、北朝鲜和其他几个国家的共产主义者，并将这套体制复制到他们的国家。尽管它有着内在的经济低效性，即使在苏联解体，中国、越南与欧洲废除共产主义的计划之后，共产主义仍然在古巴和北朝鲜继续存在。
History has unequivocally proved that Marxism-Leninism in its Stalinist form is the only variation of Marxism that is practically achievable.
历史已经明确表明，表现为斯大林主义形式的马克思列宁主义，是马克思主义唯一实际可行的变种。
The Communist Manifesto program:
《共产党宣言》的规划：
1.Abolition of property in land and application of all rents of land to public purposes.
1、废除土地所有权，并将所有土地的租金用于公共目的。
2.A heavy progressive or graduated income tax.
2、课沉重的累进或分等级的所得税。
3.Abolition of all rights of inheritance.
3、废除一切继承权。
4.Confiscation of the property of all emigrants and rebels.
4、剥夺所有移民和叛乱者的财产。
5.Centralisation of credit in the hands of the state, by means of a national bank with State capital and an exclusive monopoly.
5、将存款集中并由国家控制，通过一个执行国家资本主义并拥有专门的垄断权的国家银行。
6.Centralisation of the means of communication and transport in the hands of the State.
6、将通讯和交通集中化并控制在国家手中。
7.Extension of factories and instruments of production owned by the State; the bringing into cultivation of waste-lands, and the improvement of the soil generally in accordance with a common plan.
7、扩建工厂，生产工具由国家持有；将荒地开垦用于农业生产，且土地增长基本上与常规的计划保持一致。
8.Equal liability of all to work. Establishment of industrial armies, especially for agriculture.
8、所有人都有平等的工作义务。建立产业军，特别是农业。
9.Combination of agriculture with manufacturing industries; gradual abolition of all the distinction between town and country by a more equable distribution of the populace over the country.
9、将农业和制造业结合；通过国家内部更少的人口流动，逐渐废除城乡差别
10.Free education for all children in public schools. Abolition of children’s factory labor. Combination of education with industrial production
10.公立学校对所有儿童实行免费教育。废除工厂运用童工。将教育和工业生产相结合。
Source: https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/w … ifesto.pdf
来源：https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/pdf/Manifesto.pdf
单词表
manifesto n. 宣言
true to 忠实于
abolish v. 废除
collectivization n. 集体化
crash adj. 速成的
implement v. 贯彻
statist adj. 计划经济的
take the form of 表现为……的形式
inspire v. 激励，引发
replicate v. 复制
despite prep. 尽管
inbuilt adj. 内置的
inefficiency n. 低效率
bankruptacy n. 破产
abolition n. 废止
unequivocally adv. 明确地
variation n. 变奏
achievable adj. 可完成的
program n. 规划
property n. 财产
property in land n. 土地所有权
progressive adj. 进步的；累进的
graduated adj. 分等级的
inheritance n. 继承，遗产
confiscation n. 没收
emigrant n. 移民
credit n. 存款
exclusive adj. 专有的
monopoly n. 垄断权
communication n. 通讯
instrument n. 工具，器械
waste-land n. 荒地
soil n. 土地
in accordance with 与……一致
liability n. 责任，义务
gradual adj.逐渐的
distinction n. 差别
distribution n. 分配
equable adj. 变动小的
译自：https://qr.ae/pyrB1H
时间：2018年12月6日
